Bali is a small fertile island midway along the string if islands that makes up the Indonesia archipelago, stretching from Sumatra in the north-east to Papua of former Irian Jaya, on the border of Papua New Guinea in the south-east. It’s adjacent to java, the most heavily populated island and Lombok to the east.
Bali has an area of 5620 sqkm, measuring approximately 140 km by 80 km and is only 8º south of equator, with array area of mountains and beaches.
It is one of the country’s 33 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island.
ECONOMY
Three decades ago, the Balinese economy was largely agriculture-based in terms of both output and employment. Tourism is now the largest single industry; and as a result, Bali is one of Indonesia’s wealthiest regionsand is renowned for its highly developed arts, including dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking and music.
Although in terms of output, tourism is the economy’s largest industry, agriculture is still the island’s biggest employer, most notably rice cultivation. Crops grown in smaller amounts include fruit, vegetables, Coffea arabica and other cash and subsistence crops. A significant number of Balinese are also fishermen. Bali is also famous for its artisans who produce batik and ikat cloth and clothing, wooden carvings, stone carvings and silverware.
Although significant tourism exists in the north, centre and east of the island, the tourist industry is overwhelmingly focused in the south. The main tourist locations are the town of Kuta (with its beach), and its outer suburbs (which were once independent townships) of Legian and Seminyak, Sanur, Jimbaran, Ubud, and Nusa Dua.
CLIMATE
Bali has a climate that is tropical all year. The average temperature hovers around 30 degrees Celsius year-round. There are dry and wet seasons, dry from April to September and wet from October to March but it can rain at any time of year and even during the wet season rain is likely to pass quickly. In general May to August are the best months in Bali. At that time of year the climate is likely to be cooler and the rains lightest. Around the coast, sea breezes temper the heat and as we move inland we also move up so the altitude works to keep things cool. It can get very cool up in the highlands and a warm sweater can be a good idea in mountain villages.
POPULATION
With 3.1 million people, Bali is a very densely populated island. The population is almost all Indonesian, with the usual small Chinese contingent in the big towns, a sprinkling of Indian merchants, plus a number of more or less permanent visitors amongst the Westerners in Bali.
CEREMONIES AND FESTIVALS
Estimated percentage of Hindu’s in Bali at 93.18%, 4.79% Moslems while about the balance are equally divided among Buddhist, Catholics and Protestants. There are many temples throughout Bali, yet mosques and churches are less common, but the Balinese are considered to be very tolerant and there was never been any religious friction on the island.
While the Balinese are very anxious to modernization and there are many examples of this everywhere, traditional Balinese life is strongly dominated by the religion, which takes effect on nearly every aspects of life. Every Balinese Hindu’s life is punctuated by ceremonies, which ensure repeated purification and continuing recognition of the battle between the forces of good and evil. The ceremonies also go along way towards maintaining family unity by repeatedly bringing families together for ceremonies and celebrations.
The Balinese are deeply religious people and fill their lives with symbolic worship and religious rites of passage. The local calendar is an unending procession of festivals and ceremonies with over 60 religious holidays a year. Ceremonies are held on specific days to bless the Gods of art, learning, agriculture and all other aspects of life.
Festivals are great occasion for appeasing the Gods with offerings of incense, fruit and flowers.
Traditional music and dances are performed and gods invited down to join the festivities.
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